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Enthroned  near  the  crest  of  the  continent,  environed  by  natural  resources  unlimited  in  variety  and  extent,  Denver, 
with  serenity  and  absolute  confidence,  will  steadily  and  irresistibly  fulfil  her  manifest  high  destiny. 


DENVER 


6  «  <^  «  4" 

BANCROFT 
LIBRARY 


BY 


PEN  AND  PICTURE 


From  Photographs  taken  by  Joseph  Collier  and  others 

Descriptive  Text  by  Thomas  Tonge 

Engravings  and  Wash  Drawings  by  the 

Williamson-Haffner  Engraving  Co.,  Denver 

Printing  and  Binding  by  the 

Capron-Stott  Printing  Co.,  Denver 


Denver 

Frank  S.  Thayer 

Publisher 

1898 


COPYRKJHT   1898 

By  Frank  F.  Thaykr. 


L'ENVOI. 

Denver  is  the  geographical,  railroad,  financial,  commercial,  smelting,  manufacturing, 
educational  and  social  centre  and  "general  hub"  not  only  of  Colorado,  but  of  the  entire 
Trans-Missouri  country. 

Colorado  alone  equals  in  area  the  whole  of  New  England  and  the  State  of  New  York 
put  together,  with  greater  and  more  varied  resources  than  any  State  in  the  American 
Union,  but  the  country  tributary  to  Denver  (and  within  which  Denver  has  no  possible  rival 
for  600  miles  in  any  direction)  extends  far  beyond  the  State  of  Colorado  and  practically 
embraces  the  whole  of  the  territory  west  of  the  Missouri  River,  with  an  area  considerably 
greater  than  the  whole  of  the  German  Empire. 

In  this  vast  region  every  new  mine  worked,  every  fresh  acre  cultivated,  every  new 
orchard  planted,  every  new  quarry  opened,  every  herd  of  cattle  or  flock  of  sheep  turned 
out  to  graze,  and  every  manufacturing  enterprize  started,  re-acts  beneficially  on  and  sends 
new  life-blood  to  the  heart  —  Denver. 

Denver  stands  unrivalled  in  either  hemisphere  for  its  combination  of  advantages  as  a 
place  of  residence,  as  a  field  for  investment,  as  a  place  of  unusually  rapid  but  solid  growth, 
as  a  smelting  centre,  as  a  city  with  unlimited  and  varied  undeveloped  resources  at  its 
back,  as  an  increasing  manufacturing  centre,  and  as  a  cosmopolitan,  energetic  and  enter- 
prising community;  while  its  past  history,  present  position  and  future  prospects  undoubt- 
edly destine  it  to  be  one  of  the  four  great  cities  of  the  United  States. 

The  above  assertions  may  at  first  sight  appear  exaggerated  or  startling.  The  suc- 
ceeding pages  of  this  book,  however,  demonstrate  that  such  assertions  are  made  advisedly, 
as  they  are  founded  on  facts. 


HISTORICAL    SKETCH    OF    DENVER. 

"  Upon  what  meat  doth  this  our  Denver  feed 
That  she  is  grown  so  great  ?  " 

A  stranger  arriving  in  Denver  at  the  end  of  a  railroad  journey  of  600  miles  over  the 
plains  from  the  Missouri  River,  as  he  realizes  the  size  of  the  city,  usually  involuntarily  asks 
himself — What  justifies  the  existence  of  Denver?  Is  it  not  already  too  large?  Can  it  be 
possible  that  the  city  will  continue  to  grow? 

Thorough  investigation,  however,  demonstrates  that  Denver  is  the  natural  and 
inevitable  outcome  or  product  of  the  development  of  Colorado  and  the  surrounding  States 
and  Territories.  So  far  from  being  too  large,  it  will  continue  to  grow  proportionately  to 
the  development  of  the  surrounding  country. 

1859-1870.  The  Denver  of  1859  was  a  very  primitive  frontier  settlement  700  miles 
west  of  the  nearest  railroad  point,  the  pioneers  having  been  attracted  by  the  discovery  of 
placer  gold  in  the  local  streams.  The  operation  of  such  placers  and  the  discovery  and 
operation  of  gold  bearing  fissure  veins  in  Gilpin,  Clear  Creek,  Boulder,  and  other  counties 
found  Denver  in  1870  with  4,731  people. 

1870-1880.  The  building  of  railroads,  the  great  development  of  gold  and  silver 
mining,  the  exploiting  of  the  coal  fields  of  the  State,  the  construction  of  irrigating  canals, 
the  vast  extension  of  the  cultivated  area,  the  planting  of  orchards,  the  establishment  of 
factories,  etc.,  found  Denver  in  1880  with  a  census  population  of  35,628. 

1880-1890.  The  further  rapid  development  of  the  vast  and  varied  resources  of  the 
State  in  all  lines  found  the  census  population  of  Denver  proper,  exclusive  of  adjacent 
suburbs,  106,713  in  1890. 


State  Capitol. 


1890-1898.  The  collapse  of  Argentine  securities  and  the  Baring  failure  in  London 
in  1890,  followed  by  the  Australian  collapse,  the  closing  of  the  Indian  Mints  and  the  repeal 
in  1893  of  the  silver  purchasing  clause  of  the  Sherman  Act,  resulted  in  financial  stringency 
and  commercial  depression  and  stagnation  throughout  America  and  the  civilized  world. 
In  this  Denver  shared  and  to  that  extent  her  wonderful  growth  was  temporarily  checked, 
although  her  population  today,  according  to  the  conservative  estimate  of  the  compilers  of 
the  Denver  City  Directory,  is  about  165,000.  From  1890  to  1893  Denver  somewhat 
outgrew  the  State,  but  from  1893  to  1898  the  State  has  outgrown  Denver,  and  all  indica- 
tions now  point  to  renewed  and  decided  growth  on  the  part  of  the  city.  Since  1 859  she 
has  passed  through  several  similar  evil  periods,  and  in  each  case  the  result  proved  that 
she  had  simply  been  gathering  her  strength  for  another  period  of  abnormal  growth,  progress 
and  prosperity.  The  present  and  future  great  development  of  gold  mining  throughout 
Colorado,  and  other  causes,  indicate  that  Denver  will  double  in  population  within  the  next 
ten  years. 

The  Hon.  William  Orton,  long  president  of  the  Western  Union  Telegraph  Co.,  and  a 
member  ot  the  governing  committee  of  the  New  York  Stock  Exchange,  visited  Denver 
years  ago  on  official  business  in  company  with  the  president  of  the  Kansas  Pacific  Railway 
Co.,  and  inspected  every  point  in  the  State  accessible  by  car,  traveling  only  by  day.  On 
his  return  to  New  York  he  delivered  an  address,  in  which  he  took  occasion  to  say  that,  in 
his  opinion,  "The  four  great  cities  of  this  continent  are  to  be  New  York,  Chicago,  Denver, 
aud  San  Francisco." 


DENVER  AS  A  MANUFACTURING  CENTRE. 

"  Clamorous  labor  knocks  with  its  hundred  hands  at  the  golden 
gate  of  the  morning." — Newman  Hall. 

Factories  follow  population  westward. 

In  1870  the  manufactures  of  Denver  did  not  exceed  $250,000  per  annum. 

In  1897  the  output  of  Denver's  manufacturing  enterprises,  including  the  three  great 
smelters,  was  $40,000,000. 

The  smelters  of  Denver,  though  running  mainly  on  Colorado  ores,  receive  considerable 
quantities  of  ore  from  the  entire  mining  country  extending  from  British  Columbia  to  the 
Republic  of  Mexico. 

Denver  concerns  manufacture  mining  and  ore  treatment  machinery  extensively  and 
ship  same  to  the  mining  districts  of  all  the  Rocky  Mountain  States;  also  to  Alaska,  British 
Columbia,  Mexico,  Central  and  Southern  America,  and  other  countries. 

Denver-made  cotton  fabrics  are  extensively  exported  via  the  Pacific  ports. 

Denver  possesses  the  following  requisites  as  a  great  manufacturing  centre : 

First  :  —  Abundant  and  suitable  raw  materials,  readily  accessible.  Second  :  —  Cheap 
fuel.  Third:  —  Abundant  intelligent  and  skilled  labor.  Fourth:  —  Ever  growing  market 
in  its  tributary  country. 

There  is  now  a  growing  disposition  on  the  part  of  the  railroads  to  regard  Denver  as  an 
originating  and  distributing  point  rather  than  as  mainly  a  consuming  point,  and  present 
indications  are  that  the  manufacturing  industries  of  Denver  will  witness  great  development. 

The  leading  industries  are  brewing,  tanning,  chemicals,  clay  goods,  flouring,  foods, 
leather,  metal,  packing,  paints,  paper,  sewing,  smelting,  soap,  stone,  textile,  wood,  etc. 


Sulphide  Fibre  Works. 
Paper  Mills. 


Sewer  Pipe  and  Clay  Works. 


Gas  Works. 
Western  Chemical  Works. 


DENVER    AS    A    FINANCIAL    AND    COMMERCIAL    CENTRE. 

"  Wealth  in  our  country  must  long  be,  and  properly  is,  a  great  measure  of  force;  and  by 
force  I  mean  character,  talent,  activity  and  mental  leverage." — Donald  G.  Mitchell. 

Denver  is  by  far  the  leading  banking  centre  between  the  Missouri  River  and  the 
Pacific  Ocean. 

In  March,  1892  (the  year  before  the  great  panic  of  1893),  eleven  National  banks  and 
four  State  banks  in  Denver  had  $22,000,000  of  deposits.  In  February,  1898,  nine  National 
and  State  banks  and  one  trust  company  had  $26,000,000  of  deposits,  since  further 
increased. 

While  numerous  country  banks  keep  considerable  balances  with  the  Denver  banks 
and  the  Denver  banks  carry  the  requisite  amount  of  Government  bonds,  Denver  is  not 
yet  technically  a  "Reserve  City,"  but  its  becoming  so  is  only  a  matter  of  time,  depending 
entirely  on  the  option  of  the  Denver  banks  themselves. 

Denver  is  the  western  headquarters  of  all  the  great  insurance  companies,  mortgage 
and  investment  companies,  irrigation  companies,  etc.,  doing  business  in  Colorado  and 
surrounding  States  and  Territories,  as  well  as  the  headquarters  of  the  smelting  and  ore 
treatment  companies  and  the  great  majority  of  the  mining  companies  operating  in  Colorado. 

Denver's  larger  business  blocks  built  to  accommodate  the  numerous  companies  and 
firms,  comprise  the  following:  —  the  Equitable  Building,  nine  stories,  white  tile  brick 
and  granite,  cost  $2,000,000;  the  Boston  Building,  eight  stories,  red  sandstone,  cost 
$400,000;  the  Ernest  and  Cranmer  Building,  eight  stories,  stone  and  red  pressed  brick, 
cost  $400,000;  Cooper  Building,  eight  stories,  granite  and  red  pressed  brick,  cost 
$225,000,  and  numerous  others. 


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Looking  Down  Seventeenth  Street. 


Recognizing  the  fact  that  Denver  is  the  eastern  gateway  of  the  great  gold  producing 
districts  of  Colorado  and  the  whole  Rocky  Mountain  region,  the  United  States  Government 
is  now  building  at  Denver  a  Coinage  Mint  to  cost  $500,000,  which  will  furnish  local 
employment  to  a  large  number  of  people.  The  country  tributary  to  Denver,  including 
Colorado,  Utah,  Wyoming,  Idaho,  Montana,  New  Mexico,  Arizona  and  Nevada,  will  then 
send  all  or  most  of  its  gold  to  Denver.  The  new  Coinage  Mint  will  inevitably  be  a 
Government  Sub-Treasury  and  will  probably  result  in  Denver  having  the  disbursing  office 
of  the  pensions  now  distributed  at  Topeka,  Kans.  In  the  event  of  the  increased  use  of 
silver  as  money,  the  entire  future  coinage  of  silver  will  probably  take  place  at  Denver. 
The  Coinage  Mint  will  therefore  have  a  very  marked  effect  on  Denver  as  a  financial  centre. 

Denver  has  a  comparatively  large  number  of  exceptionally  fine  retail  stores,  in  this 
respect,  probably,  excelling  any  city  of  its  size  in  the  country.  It  also  does  a  considerable 
wholesale  or  jobbing  business  with  the  tributary  country,  which  business,  however,  is  not 
nearly  so  large  as  the  geographical  location  of  the  city  fully  warrants,  owing  to  the 
peculiarities  of  existing  railroad  freight  rates. 

The  Denver  Chamber  of  Commerce  has  450  members,  and  among  its  various  objects 
are  the  promotion  of  the  trade  and  commerce  of  Denver  and  the  development  of  Colorado 
generally.  The  Chamber,  in  connection  with  the  Denver  Traffic  Bureau  Association,  is 
working  to  obtain  such  equitable  freight  rates  as  the  geographical  location  of  the  city  fairly 
justifies,  the  granting  of  which  by  the  railroads  (certain,  sooner  or  later)  will  materially 
increase  the  commerce  of  the  city. 

The  daily  papers  of  Denver  are  metropolitan  in  character  and  enterprise,  and  publish 
all  financial  and  commercial  news  simultaneously  with  the  dailies  of  New  York  and  other 
Eastern  money  centres. 


Federal  Building  and  Post  Office. 


DENVER    AS    A    RAILROAD  CENTRE. 

"A  city  of  cheerful  yesterdays  and  confident  tomorrows." 

In  ancient  times  all  roads  led  to  Rome.  In  Western  America  all  railroads  lead  to 
Denver. 

In  1859  Denver  was  over  700  miles  west  of  the  nearest  railroad.  In  June,  1870, 
the  first  railroad  reached  Denver,  being  the  Denver  Pacific,  connecting  with  the  main  line 
of  the  Union  Pacific  at  Cheyenne.  In  August,  1870,  the  Kansas  Pacific  Railroad  also 
reached  Denver. 

Colorado  now  contains  5,000  miles  of  railroad,  all  radiating  from  Denver  and  furnish- 
ing easy  access,  from  Denver  as  the  "hub,"  to  practically  every  farming  and  mining 
district  in  the  State. 

Eight  "  trunk  lines"  run  regular  daily  trains  into  Denver,  viz.:  the  Atchison,  Topeka  & 
Santa  Fe  Railway,  the  Burlington  &  Missouri  Railway,  the  Chicago,  Rock  Island  &  Pacific 
Railway,  the  Colorado  Midland  Railway,  the  Denver  &  Rio  Grande  Railroad,  the  Missouri 
Pacific  Railway,  the  Union  Pacific  Railway,  and  the  Union  Pacific,  Denver  &  Gulf  Railway. 

The  above  railways  and  their  connections  (as  for  instance,  the  Denver  &  Rio  Grande 
Railroad  with  its  western  connection,  the  Rio  Grande  Western  Railway  to  Salt  Lake  City, 
and  the  Union  Pacific  Railway  with  its  eastern  connection,  the  Chicago  &  Northwestern 
Railway  to  Chicago)  represent  an  aggregate  of  over  26,000  miles  of  railroads  radiating 
from  Denver. 

By  means  of  such  railroads  Denver's  geographical  trade  territory  is  the  entire  country 
between  the  Missouri  River  and  the  Pacific,  and  between  British  Possessions  and  the 


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Mexican  Republic.     With  equitable  freight  rates  this  geographical  trade  territory  would 
largely  actually  belong  to  Denver. 

By  means  of  such  railroads  Denver  is  within  twenty-eight  hours  of  Chicago  and  fifty- 
two  hours  of  New  York. 

By  means  of  such  railroads  Denver  is  increasingly  becoming  a  "summer  resort"  for 
the  refugees  from  the  "heated  term"  in  the  Middle,  Eastern  and  Southern  States,  and  a 
"winter  resort"  for  the  refugees  from  the  inclement  winters  of  New  England  and  other 
sections  of  America. 


Sixteenth  Street  Viaduct  and  Cattle  Yards. 


REPRESENTATIVE    DENVER    CITIZENS    BORN    IN    NEW    ENGLAND. 


JULIUS  B.  BISSELL,  (Connecticut). 
Judge  of  the  Colorado  Court  of  Appeals. 

WILLIAM  SCOTT  LEE,  (Vermont). 

ex-Mayor  of  Denver;  President  New  Jingland 

Association  of  Colorado. 


Eight  Rev.  JOHN   F.  SPALDING,  D.D.,  (Maine), 
Episcopal  Bishop  of  Colorado. 

Colonel  GEORGE  E.  RANDOLPH,  (Rhode  Island), 
ex-General  Manager  Denver  City  Railroad  Company. 


HENRY   R.  WOLCOTT,  (Massachusetts), 
Capitalist. 

WROX  GOVE,  (New  Hampshire), 
Superintendent  of  Denver  Schools  since  1874. 


REPRESENTATIVE    DENVER    CITIZENS    BORN    IN    NEW    YORK. 


WALTER  S.  CHEESMAN,  (Long  Island), 
President  Denver  Union  Water  Company. 


LUTHER  M.  GODDARD,  (Wayne  County). 
Justice  Supreme  Court  of  Colorado. 


NATHANIEL   P.  HILL,  (Orange  County), 
ex-U.  S.  Senator;  Proprie'or  Denver  Republican; 
General  Manager  Boston  &  Colorado  Smelling  Co. 

RODNEY  CURTIS,  (Broome  County), 
President  Denver  Consolidated  Tramway  Company. 


DAVID   H.  MOFFAT.  (Orange  County), 
President  First  National  Bank;  President  Inter- 
national Trust  Company, 

HENRY   M.  TELLER,  (Alleghany  County), 
United  States  Senutor. 


DENVER    AS    AN    EDUCATIONAL    CENTRE. 

"A  man  cannot  leave  a  better  legacy  to  the  world  than  a  well  educatea  family." 

—  Rev.  Thomas  Scott. 

Denver  is  noted  for  the  excellence  of  its  public  school  system  and  of  its  public  school 
buildings. 

Within  the  city  limits  of  Denver  are  fifty  primary  or  grade  schools  with  an  aggregate 
average  daily  attendance  of  22,000  pupils,  whose  studies  are  supervised  by  400  teachers. 
Such  school  buildings  and  sites  represent  in  value  $2,500,000.  Included  in  the  above 
are  twenty  kindergartens  with  over  1 ,000  pupils. 

Three  large  high  schools,  representing  a  cash  value  of  $500,000,  dispense  learning 
to  2, 100  young  men  and  women,  employing  over  fifty  teachers;  and  in  addition  there  is 
the  Manual  Training  High  School,  which  cost  $90,000,  and  has  365  pupils  and  fifteen' 
teachers. 

There  are  in  Denver  two  free  public  libraries  with  70,000  volumes. 

The  local  private  school  list  comprises  the  following: 
The  University  of  Denver,  (Methodist). 
Jarvis  Hall,  (Episcopalian)  for  boys. 
Wolfe  Hall,  (Episcopalian)  for  young  ladies. 

Loretto  Heights  Academy  and  St.  Mary's  Academy,  both  Catholic  schools  for  girls. 
Sacred  Heart  College  under  the  Jesuit  Fathers,  for  boys. 

Westminster  University,  (Presbyterian)  a  very  fine  building  on  a  very  fine  site,  but 
not  yet  open. 

Woman's  College,  (Baptist)  also  not  yet  open. 


High  School,  District  No.  One. 


There  are  several  medical  schools,  viz.:  The  Gross  Medical  College;  a  second  under 
the  control  of  the  Denver  University;  a  third  known  as  the  Homoeopathic  Medical  College. 
There  is  also  a  Law  School  in  connection  with  the  Denver  University. 

Readily  accessible  to  Denver  students  are: 

The  State  University  at  Boulder. 

The  State  School  of  Mines  at  Golden. 

The  State  Agricultural  College  at  Fort  Collins. 

The  State  Normal  School  at  Greeley. 

Colorado  College  at  Colorado  Springs. 

"There  are  thousands  of  young  men  and  women  in  the  United  States,  outside  of  the 
Rocky  Mountain  region,  ambitious  to  pursue  higher  and  professional  studies,  who  are 
prevented  by  the  climatic  conditions  where  they  reside.  In  Colorado  a  very  large  per 
centage  of  them  would  regain  their  health  and  at  the  same  time  be  able  to  complete  their 

education." — President  James  H.  Baker,  Colorado  State  University. 

"Colorado  is  a  fine  State  for  a  student.  The  climatic  conditions  are  exceedingly 
favorable  to  study.  It  is  the  experience  of  both  students  and  teachers  that  a  larger 
amount  of  work  can  be  accomplished  in  a  given  time  here  than  at  the  lower  altitudes. 
Many  students  break  down  elsewhere,  but  find  themselves  able  to  carry  on  their  work  in 

Colorado  With  perfect  health." — Chancellor  Wm.  F.  McDowell,  University  of  Denver. 


High  School,  District  No.  17. 


REPRESENTATIVE    DENVER    CITIZENS    BORN    IN    THE    SOUTHERN    STATES. 


FRANK  TRDMBULL,  (Missouri), 
Receiver  Union  Pacific,  Denver  &  Gulf  Railroad. 

JOSEPH  A.  THATCHKR,  (Kentucky), 
President  Denver  National  Bank. 


JAMES  B.  GRANT,  (Alabama), 
Vice-President  Omaha  &  Grant  Smelling  Co. 
Ex-Govornor  of  Colorado. 

JOHN  F.  SHAFROTH,  (Missouri), 
Member  of  Congress  for  Colorado. 


CHARLES  S.  THOMAS,  (Georgia), 
Lawyer. 

GEORGE  W.  BAXTER,  (Tennessee), 

President  Western  Live  Stock  &  Land  Co. 

Ex-Governor  of  Wyoming. 


DENVER    AS    A    SOCIAL    CENTRE. 

••  Society  is  a  strong  solution  of  books.     It  araws  the  virtue  out  of  what  is 
worth  reading  as  hot  water  draws  the  strength  of  tea  leaves." 

—  Oliver  Wendell  Holmes. 

Denver  is  deservedly  celebrated  for  its  social  life,  clubs  and  places  of  amusement. 

The  Denver  Club  is  a  massive  stone  structure,  which  cost  $250,000,  the  members 
consisting  of  prominent  business  men  and  capitalists. 

The  Denver  Athletic  Club  is  one  of  the  finest  in  the  country,  the  building  and  equip- 
ment costing  $225,000  and  has  a  large  membership. 

The  University  Club  is  a  beautiful  building  of  white  and  gray  tile  brick  in  the  Colonial 
style  of  architecture.     It  has  a  membership  of  several  hundreds  of  college  men. 

The  Progress  Club  has  an  elegant  club  house  built  of  undressed  lava  stone. 

The  Woman's  Club  of  Denver  is  one  of  the  most  progressive  and  active  organizations 
in  the  city,  with  a  membership  of  1,000  educated,  refined  women.  Its  numerous  meetings 
now  take  place  in  Unity  Church  pending  the  erection  of  a  suitable  club  house. 

The  Denver  Wheel  Club,  with  several  hundred  members,  recently  erected  a  commo- 
dious club  house.  The  Arapahoe  Wheel  Club,  The  Ramblers  and  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Wheel 
Club  also  have  comfortable  club  rooms. 

The  Tabor  Grand  Opera  House,  seating  capacity  1,500,  was  built  in  1880  and  has 
few  superiors  in  America.  The  Broadway  Theatre,  seating  capacity  1,650,  was  built  in 
1890.  These  houses  are  regularly  supplied  by  the  best  operatic  and  theatrical  companies. 
There  are  two  other  theatres — the  Lyceum  and  Orpheum. 


The  Denver  Club. 


Denver  is  amply  provided  with  spacious,  well  equipped  and  well  kept  public  parks. 
The  two  largest  are  the  City  Park,  320  acres,  and  Congress  Park,  160  acres  (the  latter 
the  gift  of  Congress  to  the  city)  on  the  highest  point  of  Capitol  Hill,  commanding  a  view 
of  200  miles  of  mountains,  many  of  them  over  13,000  feet  high.  The  others  are  Lincoln 
Park,  Dunham  Park,  Chaffee  Park,  etc.  In  the  City  Park  and  Lincoln  Park  military  bands 
give  high  class  concerts  on  summer  evenings. 

Suburban  resorts  in  private  hands  are:  Elitch's  Gardens  (including zoological  collec- 
tion, theatre,  etc.);  Manhattan  Beach  (including  zoological  collection,  theatre  and  lake); 
Rocky  Mountain  Lake,  Berkeley  Lake,  Arlington  Park,  etc.  At  the  last  named  park  the 
amusement  known  as  "Shooting  the  Chutes"  has  been  inaugurated. 

Social  life  in  Denver  finds  its  acme'of  activity  in  and  through  the  Women's  Clubs,  of 
which  there  are  more  than  100  —  social,Miterary,  educational,  musical,  etc. 


The  University  Club. 


iiiiiaH  ii 

l"i»;:Plf    It 


Denver  Athletic  Club. 


REPRESENTATIVE    DENVER    CITIZENS    BORN    IN    OHIO. 


R.  H.  McMANN,  (Mansfield), 
Banker.  ' 

WILLIAM  N.  BYERS.  (Madison  County), 
Founder  of  Rocky  Mountain  News  in  1859. 


SAMUEL  H.  ELBERT,  (Logan  County), 

Ex-Governor  of  Colorado;  Ex-Chief  Justice 

of  Supreme  Court  of  Colorado. 

CHARLES  B.  KO0NT£E,  (Osnaburg), 
President  Colorado  National  Bank. 


ELI  M.  ASHLEY,  (Portsmouth^, 
President  Western  Chemical  Co. 

JOHN  W.  NESMITH,  (Chillicothe), 
President  Colorado  Iron  Works. 


DENVER    AS  A  HEALTH    RESORT. 

"Ah  !  what  avail  the  largest  gifts  of  Heaven, 
When  drooping  health  and  spirits  go  amiss." —  Thomson. 

The  climate  of  Denver  has  been  the  magnet  which  has  drawn  to  her  more 
of   her   residents   and   wealth   than   any   other   single   attraction. 

From  daily  observations  taken  by  the  late  F.  J.  B.  Crane  of  Denver,  it  is  shown  that 
from  July  20,  1872,  to  February  22,  1885,  there  were  but  thirty-two  days  on  which  the 
sun  failed  to  appear.  From  October  30,  1879,  to  February  5,  1881,  not  a  day  passed 
upon  which  the  sun  was  obscured  during  the  entire  time. 

According  to  the  observations  of  the  United  States  Signal  Service  Bureau  the  average 
temperature  of  Denver  is  491  (the  average  maximum  being  79'2  and  the  average  mini- 
mum 19"7°);  the  average  rainfall  or  melted  snow,  14'95  inches;  the  average  number  of 
days  per  annum  on  which  rain  or  snow  fall,  81 ;  average  number  of  sunny  days,  340. 

Doctor  Solly,  Colorado  Springs,  in  his  recent  standard  work,  "Medical  Climatology," 
says:  "In  Denver  the  direct  rays  of  the  sun  usually  melt  the  snow  in  a  few  hours,  and  the 
ground  lies  dry  and  unfrozen  nearly  all  the  winter.  Denver's  advantages  as  a  winter 
resort  should  be  better  known." 

Captain  Glassford,  Signal  Officer,  U.  S.  Army,  says:  "The  altitude  of  Denver  and  the 
dryness  of  the  climate  minimize  the  heat  to  the  extent  of  22  ;  in  other  words,  from  the 
recorded  temperature  subtract  22°  to  find  the  real,  sensible  summer  heat.  The  Denver 
summer  corresponds,  as  to  the  feelings  of  those  who  pass  through  it,  to  that  of  Manitoba, 
the  Thousand  Islands,  the  Adirondacks,  or  the  White  Mountains.     When  the  published 


Views  in  City  Park. 


record  of  the  heat  in  Boston,  New  York,  Washington,  St.  Louis  and  Chicago  is  above  100°, 
it  is  simply  unbearable;  while  the  same  recorded  temperature  at  Denver,  is  attended  with 
little  discomfort.  Why?  Because,  in  the  East  moisture  is  present  to  a  very  considerable 
extent  in  the  atmosphere,  while  in  Denver  it  is  almost  absent."  The  altitude  and  dryness 
equally  minimize  the  cold  of  winter. 

Dr.  Carl  Ruedi,  Davos  Platz,  Switzerland,  says:  "Colorado  has  natural  advantages 
and  climatic  conditions  which  equal  or  surpass  the  best  European  health  resorts."  As  a 
matter  of  fact,  there  is  an  ever  increasing  colony  in  Denver  and  Colorado  of  European 
semi-invalids,  who,  after  trying  Davos  for  a  while,  have  come  to  Denver  and  Colorado 
permanently. 

Dr.  Charteris,  Professor  of  Therapeutics  and  Materia  Medica,  Glasgow  University, 
says:  "My  autumn  holiday  has  enabled  me  to  visit  Colorado  and  I  am  convinced  that  in 
its  pure,  dry  air  many  patients  who  linger  at  home  only  to  die  might  there  get  better  and 
work  and  do  well." 

Dr.  C  T.  Williams,  Senior  Surgeon  of  the  Brompton  Hospital  for  Consumption  and 
Chest  Diseases,  ex-President  of  the  Royal  Meteorological  Society,  and  ex-President  of  the 
Medical  Society  of  London,  says:  "The  climate  of  Colorado  is  dry  and  sunny,  with  bracing 
energizing  qualities,  permitting  out  door  exercises  every  day  all  the  year  round,  the  favor- 
able results  of  which  are  seen  in  large  numbers  of  former  invalids  whom  it  has  rescued 
from  the  life  of  invalidism  and  converted  into  healthy,  active  workers." 

Denver  in  1897  had  the  lowest  death  rate  of  any  city  of  its  size  in  America,  viz., 
11  24  per  1,000,  per  annum.  Deducting  the  number  of  deaths  from  consumption  con- 
tracted elsewhere,  the  death  rate  was  934  per  1,000  population. 


'The  Home.' 


Dr.  J.  A.  Lindsay,  an  eminent  authority,  says:  "The  most  notable  advance  in  the 
treatment  of  consumption  achieved  during  the  present  century  has  unquestionably  been 
the  rapid  progress  in  public  and  professional  favor  of  the  high  altitude  sanatoria." 

Sir  Andrew  Clark,  the  celebrated  specialist  of  London,  knighted  by  the  Queen  in 
recognition  of  his  professional  eminence,  says:  "I  am  as  sure  as  I  can  be  that  recoveries 
from  phthisis,  judiciously  treated  at  high  altitudes,  are  much  more  numerous  and  much 
more  lasting  than  those  treated  by  any  other  method  at  any  other  place." 

Dr.  Burney  Yeo,  London,  the  author  of  "Climate  and  Health  Resorts,"  says:  "In 
selecting  a  climate  for  a  consumptive,  the  first  question  which  occurs  to  us  is  the  inquiry 
as  regards  the  proportion  of  pleasant,  sunny  days  in  which  out  door  exercise  can  be  safely 
enjoyed.  The  first  desideratum  is  a  large  proportion  of  fine,  sunny  weather.  In  all  such 
cases  (consumption)  there  is  one  essential  and  predominating  condition  to  be  fulfilled,  as 
we  have  already  said,  and  that  is  the  selection  of  a  climate  in  which  an  out  door  life  in 
fresh,  pure  air  can  be  largely  followed."  Denver  exactly  supplies  the  conditions  laid  down 
by  Dr.  Yeo. 


Arapahoe  County  Court  House. 


REPRESENTATIVE    DENVER    CITIZENS    BORN    IN    VARIOUS    STATES. 


WOLFE  LONDONER,  (New  York), 
Ex-Mayor  of  Denver;  Merchant. 


ALVA  ADAMS,  (Wisconsin), 
Governor  of  Colorado. 


PLATT  ROGERS,  (New  Jersey), 
Ex-Mayor  of  Denver;  Ex-Judge  of  District  Court. 


D.  H.  DOUGAN,  (Michigan), 
National  Bank  of  Commerce. 


MOSES  HALLETT,  (Illinois), 
Judge  of  U.  S.  District  Court. 


THOMAS  S.  McMURRAY,  (Philadelphia), 
Mayor  of  Denver. 


REPRESENTATIVE    DENVER    CITIZENS    BORN    IN    VARIOUS    STATES. 


CHESTER  3.  MOREY,  (Wisconsin), 
Merchant  and  Manufacturer. 

LAFE  PENCE,  (Indiana), 
Ex-Member  of  Congress  for  Colorado. 


EDWARD  O.  WOLCOTT,  (Massachusetts), 
United  States  Senator. 

JOEL  F.  VAILE,  (Indiana), 
Lawyer. 


SIMON  GUGGENHEIM,  (Philadelphia), 
General  Manager  Philadelphia  Smelting  and  Refining  Co. 

E.  B.  FIELD,  (Massachusetts), 
General  Manager  Colorado  Telephone  Co, 


DENVER'S    AGRICULTURAL    EMPIRE. 

"A  goodly  land,  a  land  of  brooks  of  water,  of  fountains  and  depths  that  spring 
out  of  valleys  and  hills,  a  land  of  wheat  and  barley  and  melons  and  fruit  trees; 
a  land  where  thou  shall  eat  bread  without  scarceness ;  thou  shalt  not  lack  any- 
thing in  it.—  Deut.  viii :  7-9."     (Revised  Version. ) 

The  development  of  agriculture  in  Colorado  since  1880  has  been  the  wonder  of 
Western  civilization  and  has  been  accomplished  by  means  of  artificial  irrigation. 

In  1880  there  were  only  600  miles  of  irrigating  canals  in  the  whole  State  and 
Colorado  in  that  year  imported  from  Kansas  and  Nebraska  500,000  bushels  of  wheat, 
2,000,000  bushels  of  corn,  500,000  bushels  of  potatoes,  1,000,000  bushels  of  oats  and 
100,000  tons  of  hay. 

Since  1880  12,000  miles  of  irrigation  canals  (i.e.,  canals  actually  tapping  the  streams) 
and  another  12,000  miles  of  laterals  have  been  constructed  at  a  cost  of  over  $12,000,- 
000,  and  under  them  over  2,000,000  acres  are  now  cultivated,  while  another  4,000,000 
acres  are  also  capable  of  being  irrigated  from  the  same  canals,  if  supplemented  by 
storage  reservoirs. 

The  valley  of  the  Platte  and  its  tributaries  (in  Arapahoe,  Boulder,  Jefferson,  Larimer, 
Weld  and  other  counties)  has  by  irrigation  been  developed  into  a  magnificent  farming  and 
fruit  country,  while  the  valley  of  the  Arkansas  (in  Chaffee,  Fremont,  Pueblo  and  Otero 
counties),  the  valleys  of  the  Rio  Grande,  the  San  Juan,  the  Grand,  the  White  and  the 
Bear  rivers  are  simply  in  their  agricultural  and  horticultural  infancy  with  certainty  of 
great  future. 

The  average  yield  of  wheat  per  acre  in  Colorado  is  23  bushels,  whereas  in  North  and 


Hereforda. 


South  Dakota  it  is  22,  Iowa  20,  Kansas  17,  Illinois  16.1,   Nebraska  15,   Indiana  14,  Ohio 
12,  Missouri  8. 

In  1897  Colorado  shipped  800  carloads  of  flour  into  Texas  alone.  The  wheat  crop 
of  1897  in  Colorado  was  5,000,000  bushels  of  which,  within  one  short  period,  500  car 
loads  were  exported  to  foreign  countries  via  Galveston  and  New  Orleans. 

The  average  yield  of  potatoes  in  Colorado  per  acre  is  from  200  to  250  bushels  on 
irrigated  land,  whereas  in  Maine  it  is  94,  Minnesota  92,  California  86,  Wisconsin  83,  New 
York  80,  Pennsylvania  73,  and  Kansas  66. 

From  August  1,  1897  to  March  31,  1898,  5,500  cars  aggregating  66,000  tons  of 
potatoes  were  carried  by  the  railroads  out  of  Weld,  Larimer  and  Boulder  counties,  mostly 
to  the  Middle  and  Eastern  States,  some  of  them  as  far  East  as  New  York  City,  2,000 
miles  distant. 

There  are  now  100,000  acres  planted  to  fruit  in  Colorado,  of  which  60,000  acres  are 
in  bearing.  The  value  of  the  crop  of  1897  was  over  $5,000,000  estimated  as  follows: 
50  per  cent,  apples,  25  per  cent,  peaches,  and  25  per  cent,  cherries,  plums,  pears, 
apricots,  nectarines,  grapes,  strawberries  and  other  small  fruits. 

During  1897  Colorado  apples  in  car  load  lots  were  shipped  to  California,  Utah, 
Nebraska,  Iowa,  Illinois,  Michigan,  New  York,  Pennsylvania  and  Delaware. 

During  1897  the  A.  T.  &  S.  F.  Railroad  carried  from  Otero  County  600  cars  aggre- 
gating 7,200  tons  of  watermelons  and  musk  melons,  mostly  to  the  cities  of  the  Middle 
and  Eastern  States. 

Denver  is  the  great  live  stock  and  fat  stock  centre  for  Colorado  and  the  adjoining 
States  and  Territories. 


An  Irrigation  Canal. 


In  the  spring  of  1898  200,000  head  of  lambs  were  fattened  in  Weld  and  Larimer 
counties,  which,  besides  supplying  the  local  market,  were  shipped  to  the  cities  of  the 
Middle  and  Eastern  States,  as  far  as  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  fetching  the  highest  current  prices. 

The  total  value  of  the  annual  product  of  the  agricultural,  horticultural  and  pastoral 
industries  of  Colorado  exceeds  the  total  value  of  the  annual  output  of  all  the  gold,  silver, 
copper,  lead,  iron  and  coal  mines  in  the  State. 

The  Colorado  farmer  is  learning  that  more  intense  cultivation  and  less  land  is  the  true 
key  to  successful  farming  and  that  a  diversity  of  crops  is  the  best  policy. 

Farming  immigrants  from  other  States  in  increasing  numbers  are  constantly  arriving 
in  Colorado,  some  in  colonies  and  others  individually. 

Colorado  irrigated  farming  districts  are  especially  adapted  to  the  growth  of  sugar 
beets,  the  average  crop  showing  sixteen  tons  to  the  acre,  15*5  per  cent,  sugar  and  81  "6 
per  cent,  purity.  By  the  year  1900  at  the  farthest,  there  will  probably  be  $1,000,000 
invested  in  the  sugar  beet  industry  in  Colorado. 


Overland  Park, 


By  courtesy  of  Jackson-Smitli  Pholo  Co. 


A  Glimpse  of  Denver. 


DENVER'S    MINERAL    EMPIRE. 

"A  land  whose  stones  are  iron  and  out  of  whose  hills  thou  mayest  dig  money." 

—  Deut.  viii:  9. 

Since  1859  Colorado  has  produced  in  gold  $175,000,000,  the  last  few  years  having 
witnessed  a  marked  annual  increase. 

The  gold  and  silver  bearing  ores  of  Colorado  also  carry  considerable  quantities  of 
copper  and  lead,  and  of  these  two  minerals  the  State  has  produced  since  1859  over 
$90,000,000  worth. 

Colorado  presents,  within  three  days'  journey  from  the  Eastern  money  centres,  a 
gold  producing  belt  over  300  miles  long  by  100  miles  wide,  comprising,  according  to  the 
statistics  of  the  U.  S.  Mint,  more  than  20  gold  producing  counties,  every  district  in  which 
is  either  on  the  line  of  or  easily  accessible  from  some  railroad  from  Denver. 

The  mountains  of  Colorado  contain  gold  and  silver  sufficient  to  pay  off  the  National 
Debt  of  the  United  States  and  Great  Britain,  and  posterity  will  be  mining  gold  and  silver  in 
Colorado  a  century  hence. 

Colorado  has  18,000  square  miles  of  coal  fields,  including  anthracite,  bituminous,  and 
lignite,  as  yet  only  partially  developed.  The  annual  coal  output  of  the  State  rose  from 
69,997  tons  in  1873  to  3,516,960  tons,  worth  $5,500,000,  and  over  300,000  tons  of  coke, 
worth  $900,000,  in  1897.  Over  1,000,000  tons  of  Colorado  coal  are  shipped  annually  to 
Nebraska,  Kansas  and  other  States. 

At  Orient,  Saguache  County,  the  iron  mines  belonging  to  the  Colorado  Fuel  &  Iron 
Company  are  producing  700  tons  of  ore  per  day,  which  is  all  shipped  to  the  works  of  the 
Company  at  Pueblo.     The  Company  has  a  number  of  iron  mines  at  other  Colorado  points 


Mining  Exchange. 


and  uses  large  quantities  of  manganiferous  ores  from  Leadville.  The  Company  for  1898 
has  contracts  to  manufacture  $2,500,000  worth  of  steel  rails,  merchant  iron,  etc.,  all  from 
Colorado  ore. 

During  1897  35,000  tons  of  manganiferous  ores  were  shipped  from  Leadville  to  the 
Illinois  Steel  Works,  Chicago,  a  distance  1,100  miles,  and  contracts  have  been  entered 
into  for  1898  to  ship  40,000  tons  of  such  ores  to  the  same  works,  with  probability  of 
considerable  shipments  to  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  in  the  near  future. 

The  production  of  gold,  silver,  lead  and  copper  in  Colorado  in  1897  exceeded  by 
several  million  dollars  the  product  of  the  same  metals  in  1892,  which  was  the  most 
prosperous  year  known  until  that  time.  The  decrease  in  the  production  of  silver  and  lead 
has  been  overcome  and  the  gain  added  by  the  increase  of  gold. 

With  Colorado  taking  the  lead  of  all  the  American  States  as  a  gold  producer  and  all  the 
world  crying  for  gold  and  every  nation  short  of  gold,  the  Colorado  gold  mining  industry  will, 
during  the  next  ten  years,  double  Denver  numerically  and  commercially. 

The  following  table  shows  Colorado's  increasing  gold  production: 

1890  .  .  .  $3,636,215.        1894  .  .  .  $10,616,463. 

1891  .  .  .  4,016,229.        1895  .  .  .   15,013,434. 

1892  .  .  .  4,767,880.        1896  .  .  .   15,110,960. 

1893  .  .  .  5,539,021.        1897  .  .  .  20,000,000. 

The  figures  prior  to  1897  are  the  official  mint  returns  and  those  for  1897  are  a 
conservative  estimate  by  the  Denver  Mint  officials. 

The  daily  output  of  the  Florence  field  is  about  2,000  barrels  of  crude  petroleum. 
Besides  supplying  Colorado,  this  field  annually  ships  to  Montana,  Wyoming,  Utah  and  New 
Mexico  at  least  $500,000  worth  of  petroleum. 


'    v  - 


The  Globe  Smelting  and  Refining  Works. 


In  ordinary  times,  Colorado  building  and  paving  stones  by  the  train  load  go  to  Omaha, 
Chicago,  and  the  cities  of  the  Mississippi  Valley. 

The  following  points  emphasize  the  importance  of  the  gold  mines  to  the  prosperity  of 
Colorado  and  Denver : 

First: — Gold  is  in  increasing  demand.  Second: — Gold  is  appreciating  in  value,  as 
measured  in  all  staple  commodities.  Third: — Gold  mining  or  gold  production  is  free  from 
competition.  In  every  other  industry  there  is  a  constant  effort  for  supremacy,  because 
there  is  a  limited  market,  and  the  more  active  and  strong  push  their  competitors  to  the 
wall ;  with  gold  mining  the  demand  is  unlimited.  Fourth  : — Gold  is  at  once  marketable 
and  can  always  be  disposed  of  to  the  Government.  Fifth: — The  price  is  fixed  by  law — 
$20.67  per  ounce.  Sixth:  —  No  drummer  has  to  be  employed;  there  is  no  hunting  for 
customers ;  no  waiting  for  a  turn  in  the  market  and  no  competition.  The  miner  who,  by 
his  own  labor,  washes  out  $50  worth  of  gold  from  the  gravelly  bed  of  some  remote 
mountain  stream,  has  nothing  to  fear  in  the  disposal  of  his  product,  from  any  gold  mining 
company  with  a  million  dollars  of  cash  capital.  Seventh  : — In  consequence  of  the  fall  in 
the  price  of  all  commodities  and  the  great  improvements  and  reduced  expenses  in  recent 
years  in  the  methods  of  mining  and  ore  treatment,  an  ounce  of  gold  can  be  produced  in 
Colorado  and  the  West  today  with  greater  profit  to  the  producer  than  when  gold  commanded 
from  60  to  100  per  cent,  premium.  Eighth: — Colorado  has  a  belt  of  30,000  square  miles, 
stretching  from  Larimer  County  in  the  north  to  La  Plata  County  in  the  south,  more  or  less 
underlaid  with  gold  bearing  veins.  Ninth  : — With  the  general  fall  in  prices,  there  is  no 
industry  which  equals  gold  mining  in  inducements  for  the  conservative  and  profitable 
investment  of  capital.  Tenth  : — Gold  mining,  on  business  principles,  is  by  far  the  most 
attractive  outlet  for  the  vast  sums  of  idle  capital  now  waiting  profitable  investment,  and  a 


Gold  and  Silver  Bullion  at  a  Denver  Smelter. 


large  flow  of  such  capital  from  the  outside  to  Colorado  is  consequently  certain.  This 
incoming  tide  commenced  during  1897,  and  fortunately,  as  a  rule,  so  far  it  is  being  invested 
with  much  more  intelligence  and  care  than  was  formerly  the  case,  with  consequent  greater 
probability  of  satisfactory  results. 

The  greatest  and  richest  mines  in  Colorado  today,  only  a  few  years  ago  at  most,  were 
undeveloped  or  but  partially  developed  properties.  The  rich  mines  of  the  future  are  today 
awaiting  development  by  a  combination  of  intelligence  and  capital.  Mr.  David  H.  Moffat, 
President  of  the  First  National  Bank,  Denver,  and  one  of  the  most  successful  and  largest 
mine  operators  in  Colorado,  says  that  one  million  dollars  carefully  and  intelligently  invested 
in  development  work  in  the  score  of  new  mining  districts  scattered  throughout  the  state,  or 
in  equipping  and  operating  partially  developed  properties  in  the  old  mining  districts  would, 
within  a  very  few  years,  probably  result  in  ten  million  dollars'  worth  of  additional  gold  being 
produced  from  such  properties.  Of  course,  for  each  property  developed  into  a  paying 
mine,  there  might  be  several  properties  which  a  comparatively  small  expenditure  would 
show  to  be  valueless,  but  taking  the  average,  the  prizes  would  more  than  pay  for  the 
blanks,  if  the  money  was  invested  intelligently.  Mr.  Moffat  has  been  profitably  investing 
his  own  money  on  this  basis  for  many  years,  so  has  practised  what  he  suggests  and  knows 
whereof  he  speaks.  He  has  no  hesitation  whatever  in  saying  that  Colorado  presents  better 
opportunities  for  mining  than  Klondike  or  any  other  district  in  the  world.  In  his  own 
personal  mining  operations  he  has  never  had  occasion  to  go  outside  Colorado  (except- 
ing once  into  New  Mexico)  and,  in  fact,  never  saw  anything  elsewhere  that  presented  a 
better  opportunity  than  is  obtainable  in  Colorado.  The  great  requirement  of  mining  is  that 
it  should  be  entered  upon  with  the  same  care  and  judgment,  along  with  sufficient  capital, 
that  is  required  in  any  other  business  in  order  to  be  successful. 


r  it 

- 


Roasting  Furnace. 


DENVER'S   RELIGIOUS,  PHILANTHROPIC   AND   BENEVOLENT  INSTITUTIONS. 

"/  have  lived  long  enough  io  know  what  I  did  not  at  one  time  believe  —  that  no 
community  can  be  upheld  in  happiness  and  honor  without  the  sentiment  of 
religion." —  Laplace. 

There  are  122  church  buildings  in  Denver,  with  corresponding  auxiliaries  such  as 
Y.  M.  C.  A.,  Y.  W.  C.  A.,  and  similar  institutions. 

No  city  of  its  size  in  America  excels  Denver  in  the  number  of  people  who  do  not 
consider  the  Almighty  Dollar  the  be-all  and  end-all,  but  who,  heeding  the  calls  of  humanity, 
devote  time,  thought,  and  money  to  philanthropic  and  benevolent  work  in  which  there  is  no 
pecuniary  reward. 

The  number  in  Denver  is  legion  of  secret  and  other  societies  on  general  lines,  in  which 
the  primary  object  is  a  provision  for  sickness  and  death,  the  income  being  provided  by  the 
monthly  contributions  of  the  members. 

For  the  care  of  the  sick  the  three  hospitals  —  St.  Anthony's  (conducted  by  the  Sisters 
of  St.  Francis);  St.  Luke's  (Protestant);  and  St.  Joseph's  (conducted  by  the  Sisters  of 
Charity),  all  occupying  commodious  buildings,  are  doing  a  noble  work  at  cost,  and  in  some 
cases  at  less  than  cost;  as  also  is  the  Denver  Homoeopathic  Hospital. 

The  County  Hospital,  supported  by  public  taxation,  takes  care  of  impecunious  patients, 
and  the  Union  Pacific  Railway  Hospital  makes  a  specialty  of  railroad  employes'  accident 
cases. 

For  a  limited  number  of  the  ever  increasing  arrivals  of  semi-invalids  of  moderate 
means,  attracted  to  Denver  by  the  climate,  there  is  accommodation  at  cost  price  in  the 
magnificent  "Home." 


St.  John's  Cathedral  and  Interior. 


For  general  charitable  work  the  Charity  Crganization  Society  has  a  field  bounded  by 
no  sect,  but  comprising  all.  It  has  a  central  office  from  which  all  applications  for  assist- 
ance are  investigated  and  such  assistance  rendered  as  the  case  calls  for  and  the  funds 
justify. 

The  Charity  Organization  also  includes  the  Denver  Orphan  Home,  St.  Vincent's 
Orphan  Asylum,  the  Ladies'  Relief  Society,  the  House  of  the  Good  Shepherd,  the  Day  and 
Night  Nursery,  the  Tabernacle  Free  Dispensary,  the  Children's  Home  Society,  St.  Luke's 
Hospital,  St.  Joseph's  Hospital,  Hebrew  Ladies'  Benevolent  Society,  North  Denver  Charity 
Organization  Society,  Denver  Flower  Mission,  Florence  Crittenden  Mission,  Florence 
Nursery  and  Maternity  Home,  W.  C.  T  U.  Mission,  Colorado  Humane  Society,  Denver 
Homoeopathic  Free  Dispensary,  and  the  Working  Boys'  Home. 


Unity  Church  — Trinity  Methodist  Episcopal  Church. 


REPRESENTATIVE    DENVER    CITIZENS    BORN    IN    VARIOUS    STATES. 


GEORGE  W.  VALLERY,  (Nebraska), 
General  Agent  Burlington  Route. 

HENEY  M.  PORTER,  (Pennsylvania), 
Capitalist. 


Major  CLAYTON  PARKHILL,  (Pennsylvania), 
Surgeon  General  First  Colorado  Regiment. 

Major  S.  K.  HOOPER,  (Indiana), 
General  Passenger  Agent  Denver  &  Rio  Grande  Railroad, 


Colonel  GEORGE  ADY.  (Ohio), 

General  Agent  Passenger  Dep't  Union  Pacific  Railway; 

lix-Commander  Colorado  Commandery; 

M.  O.  Loyal  Legion,  U.  S.  A. 

WILLIAM  H.  KISTLER,  (Illinois), 
Merchant. 


REPRESENTATIVE    DENVER    CITIZENS    BORN    IN    VARIOUS    COUNTRIES. 


JOHN  F.  CAMPION.  (Prince  Edward's  Island,  Canada), 
President  Denver  Chamber  of  Commerce. 

THOMAS  M.  PATTERSON,  (County  Carlow,  Ireland), 
Lawyer  and  Journalist. 


RICHARD  PEARCE,  (Cornwall.  England!, 

Metallurgist  Boston  and  Colorado  Smelting  Co. 

British  Vice  Consul. 

HUGH  BUTLEK.  (Lanarkshire,  Scotland), 
Lawyer. 


MAX  KUNER.  (Bavaria), 
Manufacturer. 

DENNIS  SHEEDY,  (County  Cork,  Ireland), 

President  and  General  Manager  Globe  Smelting  &  Refining  Co. 

President  Denver  Dry  Goods  Co. : 

Vice-President  Colorado  National  Bank. 


DENVER    A    COSMOPOLITAN    CITY. 

Then  from  a  mixture  of  all  kinds  began 
That  het'rogenous  thing  —  a  Denver  man. 
Fate  jumbled  them  together,  God  knows  how; 
Whate'er  they  were,  they're  all  for  Denver  now. 

—  Defoe  (slightly  varied. ) 


Denver,  judged  by  the  nativity  of  her  citizens,  is  one  of  the  most  American  cities  in 
the  Union,  and  at  the  same  time  a  cosmopolitan  community. 

The  following  figures  from  the  U.  S.  Census  of  1890  show  the  percentage  of  American 
born  citizens  of  various  cities: 


Denver,     .     . 

76-14 

Newark,  N.J 

6944 

Cleveland. 

6285 

Cincinnati, 

7595 

Pittsburg,  . 

6929 

Milwaukee, 

61-08 

Alleghany, 

7518 

Brooklyn, 

6754 

Detroit 

60-31 

Omaha,     .     . 

7505 

Jersey  City, 

6727 

St.  Paul,    . 

6006 

St.  Louis, 

7457 

Buffalo, 

6500 

Chicago,    . 

5902 

Philadelphia, 

7426 

Boston, 

6473 

New  York, 

5777 

Rochester,  N.Y 

7029 

Minneapolis, 

6324 

San  Francisco    5759 

Providence,  R.I 

69  45 

According  to  the  U.  S.  Census  Report  for  1890  Denver  had  106,713  inhabitants  (  now 
165,000)  of  whom  81,249  were  native  born  Americans  and  25,464  were  foreign  born. 

Of  the  81,249  native  born  Americans  only    15,282  were  born  in  Colorado,  being 
children  and  young  people. 

The  following  figures  from  the  U.  S.  Census  Reports  of  1890  show  where  the  bulk 
of  the  population  of  Denver  originally  came  from : 


Equitable  Building. 


New  York, 

8,545 

Indiana      .     . 

3,093 

Kentucky, 

1,596 

Illinois,       .     . 

7,623 

Kansas,     .     . 

2,662 

Nebraska, 

1,381 

Ohio,    .     .     . 

6,731 

Massachusetts, 

2,148 

Maine,       .     . 

934 

Pennsylvania, 

5,477 

Michigan,  .     . 

2,021 

Virginia,     .     . 

855 

Iowa,    .     .     . 

4,899 

Wisconsin,     . 

1,963 

Connecticut,  . 

807 

Missouri,   .     . 

4,577 

and  the  remainder  from  other  states. 

The  nativity  of  the  25,464  foreign  born  citizens  of  Denver  in  1890  was: 
Germany,.     .     5,373  Ireland,     .     .     4,216  Canada,     .     .     2,672 

Great  Britain,     5,061  Sweden,    .     .     3,622  Italy,     ...        608 

and  the  remainder  from  other  countries. 

It  is  only  just  to  state  that  quite  a  number  of  these  foreign  born  citizens  came  to  this 
country  in  early  childhood  and  are  as  American  in  sentiment  and  principle  as  if  their 
ancestors  had  come  over  in  the  Mayflower. 

The  eleven  pages  of  portraits  scattered  through  this  book  comprising  sixty-six  repre- 
sentative Denver  citizens,  men  and  women,  and  giving  the  state  or  country  of  their  nativity, 
amply  demonstrates  the  truly  cosmopolitan  character  of  Denver  as  a  community. 

The  average  citizen  of  Denver  is  ahead  of  the  average  citizen  of  the  United  States, 
for  the  reasons :  1.  The  persons  who  voluntarily  left  their  former  homes  and  came 
West,  as  a  rule,  were  more  enterprising  than  those  who  remained.  2.  Many  people  of 
culture  and  position  migrated  to  Denver  on  account  either  of  their  own  health  or  the  health 
of  some  member  of  the  family.  3.  The  migrating  so  far  West  involved  the  possession 
of  financial  means  on  the  part  of  the  emigrant  and  has  ever  had  a  tendency  to  deter  the 
very  poor  and  shiftless  who,  whether  native  or  foreign  born,  consequently  remain  on  the 
Atlantic  seaboard. 


wmr 


Business  Blocks. 


Masonic  Temple. 


ii n  mil \\\ 


By  courtesy  of  YVm.  Cooke  Daniels. 


A  Busy  Day  on  Sixteenth  Street. 


Night  Scene  on  Sixteenth  Street. 


Brown  Palace  Hotel. 


Tabor  Grand  Opera  House. 


REPRESENTATIVE    DENVER    CITIZENS    BORN    IN    VARIOUS   COUNTRIES. 


WILLIAM  H.  JAMES,  (Monmouthshire,  England), 
Superintendent  Omaha  &  Grant  Smelting  Co. 

DAVID  MAY,  (Germany), 
Merchant. 


J.  K.  MULLEN,  (County  Galway,  Ireland), 

President  and  General  Manager  Colorado  Milling 

and  Elevator  Company. 

PHILIP  ZANG,  (Wurtemberg), 
Brewer. 


OSCAR  REUTER,  (Bavaria), 
Lawyer. 

OTTO  MEARS,  (Riga,  Russia). 
Builder  of  Tollroads  and  Railroads. 


DENVER    HOMES. 

"  The  glory  of  a  country  is  in  its  homes,  which  contain  the  true  elements  of 
national  vitality."  -  Henry  Ward  Beecher. 

Denver  is  pre-eminently  a  bsau  ideal  city  of  beautiful  homes,  whether  large  or  small, 
equipped  with  all  modern  conveniences  as  to  water  supply,  lighting,  transportation,  sani- 
tation, etc.  Moreover,  probably  more  people  own  their  homes  in  proportion  to  the  popu- 
lation than  in  any  other  American  city. 

The  City  of  Denver  comprises  forty-nine  square  miles  of  territory ;  has  820  miles  of 
streets  of  the  general  width  of  80  feet,  of  which  1  1  \  miles  in  the  business  centre  are 
paved  with  asphalt,  and  nearly  2A  miles  with  stone  blocks,  with  ten  additional  miles  of 
asphalt  paving  in  contemplation.  There  are  hundreds  of  miles  of  stone  sidewalks  and 
227  miles  of  sewers. 

The  Denver  Union  Water  Company  has  400  miles  of  water  mains  within  the  city 
limits  and  supplies  200  gallons  of  water  per  capita  per  day. 

The  Denver  Consolidated  Gas  Company  has  8,000  meters  in  use,  representing  over 
5,000  establishments  or  homes,  and  has  78  miles  of  gas  mains. 

The  Denver  Consolidated  Electric  Company  has  3,300  consumers  and  several 
thousand  miles  of  wire. 

The  Colorado  Telephone  Company  has  2,145  subscribers  in  Denver  and  2,447  addi- 
tional subscribers  in  the  mining  and  other  districts  of  Colorado  and  New  Mexico,  all 
therefore  within  call  of  Denver  people. 


A  Few  Homes. 


Denver  has  150  miles  of  electric  and  cable  street  railways,  which  during  1897 
carried  19,000,000  passengers  and  the  cars  traveled  in  the  aggregate  6,000,000  miles. 

Denver  has  better  water,  lighting,  telephone  and  street  car  accommodations  than  any 
other  city  of  its  population  in  the  United  States  or  in  the  world. 

Such  abnormal  accommodations  have  had  the  effect  of  making  homes  in  the  outskirts 
and  suburbs  convenient  and  accessible,  of  expanding  the  available  area  of  the  city,  of  pre- 
venting the  crowding  of  people  into  congested  districts,  and  have  been  most  important 
factors  in  preserving  the  good  sanitation  and  determining  the  special  features  of  the  city. 

Denver  is  a  city  of  brick  and  stone,  where  frame  houses  are  no  longer  built.  The 
superiority  of  the  local  pressed  brick  and  the  wide  range  of  building  stones,  readily 
accessible  in  the  adjacent  mountains  —  lava,  sandstone  and  granite  of  many  colors  and 
tints  —  have  furnished  architects  and  builders  with  superior  materials  to  select  from. 

The  architects  of  Denver  are  not  surpassed  anywhere  for  professional  ability,  and  with 
the  advantage  of  the  wide  range  of  superior  local  materials  and  the  wealth  and  taste  of 
their  employers,  have  produced  houses,  whether  large  or  small,  in  many  styles,  especially 
adapted  to  the  sunny,  dry  climate  and  pure  atmosphere  until  "a  Denver  home"  is 
synonymous  with  elegance,  comfort  and  convenience. 

Moreover,  Denver  homes,  in  the  majority  of  cases,  are  detached,  furnished  with  wide 
porches  and  verandahs,  and  surrounded  by  green  lawns,  shade  trees  and  shrubbery,  for 
life  in  the  open  air  is  possible  in  the  lovely  climate  of  Denver  for  the  greater  portion  of  the 
year.  The  streets  of  the  residence  districts  are  usually  lined  with  avenues  of  beautiful 
shade  trees  and  many  of  them  are  "parked"  by  a  wide  strip  of  lawn  on  each  side  of  the 
centre  of  the  street. 


The  Kountze  Residence. 


A  Denver  Home. 


REPRESENTATIVE    DENVER    WOMEN. 


-jk  r 


Mrs.  JOHN  L.  McNEIL,  (Pennsylvania), 

Chairman  Bnreau  of  Information,  Biennial  Convention 

of  Women's  Clubs. 

Mrs.  N.  P.  HILL,  (Rhode  Island). 

Colorado  Vice-Regent  of  the  Mount  Vernon  Ladies' 

Association  of  the  Union. 


Mrs.  SARAH  S.  PLATT.  (Vermont), 
President  Woman's  Club. 


Mrs.  J.  B.  GRANT,  (Illinois), 
President  Biennial  Board  of  Woman's  Clubs. 


Mrs.  E.  M.  ASHLEY,  (Ohio), 
Slut.-  Correspondent  of  Woman's  Clubs. 

Mrs.  CARRIE  O.  KISTLER,  (Texas), 
Member  of  the  Board  of  Education. 


DENVER    AS    A    TOURIST    CENTRE. 

"  I  have  been  in  Colorado  probably  twenty  times  and  I  never  tire  of  the  State.  I  enjoy 
the  atmosphere,  the  beautiful  sunshine,  the  exhilarating  effects  of  the  climate  and  the 

beautiful  scenery  Of  the    mountains."  —  Hon.  Lyman  J.  Gage,  Secretary  of  the  U.  S.    Treasury,   Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 

"I  had  been  quite  well  informed  of  the  resources  of  Colorado,  but  a  personal  visit 
gives  a  more  vivid  and  clear  understanding.  Certainly,  Colorado,  of  all  the  States  carved 
out  of  the  great  West,  has  the  most  varied  and  apparently  inexhaustible  resources.     The 

people  of  Colorado  are  very  cordial  to  tourists  and  Visitors."  —  Hon.  James  H.  Eckels,  Ex-Comp- 
troller U.  S.  Treasury,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Colorado  is  the  Switzerland  of  America  for  sublime  mountain  scenery,  curative 
mineral  springs  and  picturesque  health  and  pleasure  resorts,  with  the  addition,  however, 
of  phenomenal  gold  mines  and  wonderfully  productive  farming  and  fruit  growing  districts. 

The  following  are  some  of  the  tours  which  can  be  made  with  absolute  comfort  and 
at  moderate  cost,  by  railroad,  from  Denver  (altitude  5,196  feet). 

Over  the  Union  Pacific,  Denver  &  Gulf  System. 

To  Golden;  up  the  wildly  grand  canon  of  Clear  Creek,  through  Idaho  Springs  (7,543 
feet)  with  its  mines,  mills,  mineral  springs  and  bath  houses;  to  Georgetown  (8,476  feet); 
over  the  world  famed  "Loop"  to  Silver  Plume  (9,176  feet),  near  the  foot  of  Gray's  Peak 
(14,341  feet);  returning  over  the  same  route. 

To  Golden;  Forks  of  the  Creek  and  Central  City,  (8,503  feet)  the  centre  of  the  oldest 
mining  district  in  the  State;  thence  by  stage  coach  to  Ward;  thence  by  Colorado  &  North- 
western Railroad  to  the  charming  university  city  of  Boulder;  thence  by  railroad  to  Denver. 


Where  We  Recreate. 


"Round  the  Horn,"  i.  e.,  to  Greeley,  Fort  Collins,  Loveland,  Longmont,  Boulder  and 
thence  to  Denver.  This  is  the  oldest  and  most  productive  farming  section  of  Colorado 
with  numerous  orchards  between  Fort  Collins  and  Boulder. 

Up  the  romantic  Platte  Canon  to  Kenosha  Summit  (10,130  feet),  down  into  and  through 
the  South  Park,  across  the  valley  of  the  Arkansas,  piercing  the  crest  of  the  Continental  Divide 
at  Alpine  Pass  (11,590  feet),  down  the  gorge  of  Quartz  Creek  to  Gunnison,  the  whole 
constituting  the  grandest  one  day  railroad  ride  in  Colorado.  The  tourist  can,  however,  at 
Como  in  the  South  Park  take  the  other  branch  of  the  railroad  over  Boreas  Pass  ( 1 1,470 
feet)  to  Breckenridge  and  thence  to  Leadville  ( 10,025  feet)  "the  Cloud  City." 

Over  the  Denver  &  Rio  Grande  Railroad. 

To  Colorado  Springs  and  Manitou  "the  Saratoga  of  the  West;"  to  Pueblo,  "the 
Pittsburg  of  the  West,"  with  medicinal  springs  and  baths;  to  Florence,  the  petroleum 
centre  of  the  State  (from  which  point  the  tourist  can  take  the  Florence  and  Cripple  Creek 
Railroad  for  "the  richest  gold  camp,  for  its  size,  on  earth," — Cripple  Creek);  from 
Florence  to  Canon  City,  embowered  in  orchards,  with  mineral  springs  equal  to  those  of 
Vichy,  France;  through  the  world  famed  "Royal  Gorge"  to  Salida  and  Buena  Vista  with 
its  celebrated  hot  springs;  thence  to  Leadville;  to  Glenwood  Springs  "the  Kissingen  of 
America,"  with  palatial  hotel  and  bath  houses;  thence  to  Grand  Junction,  celebrated  for 
peach  orchards  and  vineyards;  or,  branching  off  at  Salida:  over  Marshall  Pass  (10,852 
feet);  through  the  awe-inspiring  "Black  Canon  of  the  Gunnison"  to  fruit  growing  Mont- 
rose; thence  through  "the  Golden  San  Juan,"  a  combination  of  magnificent  mountain 
scenery  and  mineral  treasure  vaults,  including  the  towns  of  Ouray  (7,654  feet);  Telluride 
(8,756  feet);  Rico  (8,737  feet);  Silverton  (9,224  feet);  and  Durango  (6,520  feet);  re- 
turning via  the  great  agricultural  San  Luis  Valley  (7,500  feet)  as  large  as  Connecticut. 


Out  Door  Life. 


Over  the  Colorado  Midland  Railway. 

Via  Colorado  Springs  and  Manitou  up  Ute  Pass  to  Divide  (  where  the  Midland  Termi- 
nal Railroad  can  be  taken  to  Cripple  Creek);  thence  through  South  Park  to  Leadville; 
thence  over  Hagerman  Pass  ( 1  1,528  feet)  to  Glenwood  Springs  and  Grand  Junction. 

Over  the  Atchison,  Topeka  &  Santa  Fe  Railway. 

To  the  wonderful  melon  and  fruit  growing  districts  of  the  Arkansas  Valley  at  Rocky 
Ford,  Manzanola,  and  other  places. 


Photos  from  Life  —  Elitch's  Gardens. 


The  King  of  the  Gardens. 


.  W/00   "■' 

Scenes  at  Manhattan  Beach. 


REPRESENTATIVE    DENVER    CITIZENS. 


H^^PIF 


Prof.  GRACE  ESPEY   PATTON,   (Pennsylvania), 
State  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction. 


Very  Rev.  H.  MARTYN   HART.  (Yorkshire,  Eng.), 
Dean  of.St.  John's  Cathedral. 


Miss  MARTHA  A.  PEASE.  (Maine), 

Chairman  Equal  Suffrage  Association,  1893,  when 

woman's  suffrage  was  granted. 

Mas.  RACHEL  G.  APPEL,  (Missouri). 
President  Denver  Section  of  Jewish  Women'9  Council. 


Mrs.  J.  M.  CONINE,  (New  York). 

President  North  Side  Woman's  Club;  ex-member 

of  the  Colorado  Legislature. 

THOMAS  TONGE.  (East  Cheshire,  Eng  ), 
Journalist. 


Fairraount. —  God's  Acre.  —  Riverside. 


BANCROFT 

LIBRARY 


REPRESENTATIVE    DENVER    CITIZENS. 


Pbof.  GRACE  ESPEY   PATTON.    [Pennsylvania!, 
State  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction. 


Viby  Rev.  H.  MARTYN   HART.  (Yorkshire,  Eug.), 
Dean  of.St.  John's  Cathedral. 


Miss  MARTHA  A.  PEASE,  (Maine), 

Chairman  Equal  Suffrage  Association,  1893,  when 

woman's  suffrage  was  granted. 

Mrs.  RACHEL  (1.  APPEL,  (Missouri). 
President  Denver  Section  of  Jewish  Women's  Council. 


Mrs.  J.  M.  CONINE,  [New  York). 

President  North  Side  Woman's  Club;  ex-member 

of  the  Colorado  Legislature. 

THOMAS  TONGE.  (East  Cheshire,  Eng  ), 
Journalist. 


Fairraount. —  God's  Acre.  —  Riverside. 


BANCROFT 

LIBRARY 


COLORADO  versus  SWITZERLAND. 

Switzerland,  "The  Playground  of  Europe,"  is  visited  annually  by  over  fifty  thousand 
European  and  over  fifteen  thousand  American  tourists  and  invalids,  its  attractions  being: 
(1)  Mountain  scenery;  (2)  Good  climate;  (3)  Mineral  springs.  On  all  three  points 
Colorado  is  superior  to  Switzerland,  and  has  in  addition  mining,  farming,  fruit  growing, 
and  the  finest  hunting  and  fishing.     Let  us  briefly  consider  these  matters  seriatim. 

Mountain  Scenery. 

While  the  Alps  have  isolated  peaks  such  as  Mont  Blanc  (15,781  feet),  and  the 
Matterhorn  (14,836  feet),  the  mean  elevation  of  the  highest  Alpine  chain  is  only  from 
8,000  to  9,000  feet.  Colorado  possesses  more  than  120  peaks  of  over  13,500  feet 
altitude,  of  which  no  fewer  than  thirty-five  peaks  range  from  14,000  feet  upwards.  This 
is  about  ten  times  as  many  as  there  are  in  the  whole  of  Europe. 

The  highest  village  in  Europe  is  Avers  Platz,  in  Switzerland  (7,500  feet);  the  highest 
inhabited  point  in  Europe  is  the  Hospice  of  St.  Bernard,  in  Switzerland  (8,200  feet).  In 
Colorado  the  mining  town  of  Leadville  is  10,200  feet  above  sea  level,  and  other  mining 
camps  are  still  higher,  and  some  mines  are  worked  at  over  12,000  feet  altitude. 

The  highest  wagon  road  in  Europe  is  said  to  be  the  Stelvio  Road,  in  Switzerland, 
(9,170  feet).  In  Colorado  the  Denver,  Leadville  &  Gunnison  Railway  crosses  the  "Crest 
of  the  Continent"  at  Alpine  (1  1,596  feet),  and  at  Boreas  (1  1,470  feet);  the  Denver  & 
Rio  Grande  Railroad  at  Fremont  Pass  ( 1 1,328  feet),  Marshall  Pass  (10,752  feet);  and 
the  Colorado  Midland  Railway  at  Hagerman  Pass  (11,528  feet).  Switzerland  does  not 
possess,  even  in  the  St.  Gothard  line,  any  railroad  engineering  surpassing,  if  equalling,  the 
above  railroads.  There  are  wagon  roads  over  numerous  passes  in  Colorado  ranging  from 
12,000  feet  upwards,  the  highest  being  Mosquito  Pass  ( 13,700  feet). 


By  courtesy  of  the  Jackson-Smith  Photo  Co, 


Mount  of  the  Holy  Cross. 


In  Switzerland  the  cog  railroad  from  Vitznau  to  the  Summit  of  the  Rigi  Kulm  (5,900 
feet)  has  a  length  of  four  and  one-half  miles,  in  which  the  ascent  is  4,072  feet.  In  Colo- 
rado the  cog  railroad  from  Manitou  to  the  summit  of  Pike's  Peak  (14,147  feet)  has  a 
length  of  eight  and  three-quarter  miles  in  which  the  ascent  is  8, 1 00  feet,  or  an  average  of 
846  feet  per  mile,  the  maximum  grade  being  1,320  feet. 

One  class  of  Switzerland's  finest  scenery  is  along  the  Via  Mala,  the  Schyn  Pass  and 
Urnerloch.  In  Colorado,  on  the  Union  Pacific,  Denver  &  Gulf  Railroad,  Boulder  Canon 
and  Clear  Creek  Canon,  with  the  famous  Loop;  on  the  Denver  &  Rio  Grande  Railroad, 
the  Canon  of  the  Arkansas  with  the  Royal  Gorge,  the  Black  Canon  of  the  Gunnison,  the 
Toltec  Gorge,  the  Canon  of  the  Rio  de  las  Animas;  on  the  Colorado  Midland  Railway, 
Eleven  Mile  Canon  and  Hagerman  Pass;  and  on  the  Denver,  Leadville  &  Gunnison  Rail- 
road, Platte  Canon,  Quartz  Creek  Gorge,  each  traversed  by  the  railroad,  are  all  much 
longer,  quite  as  grand,  and  more  varied  in  character  than  the  best  in  Switzerland. 

Climate. 

In  Switzerland  8,500  feet  is  the  usual  line  of  perpetual  snow.  In  Colorado  "  timber 
line"  is  1 1,000  feet. 

Davos  Platz  (5,200  feet),  in  Switzerland,  is  unquestionably  the  most  desirable  of  the 
high  altitude  health  resorts  in  Europe.  At  that  place  there  is  a  growth  of  pine  trees  and 
dwarf  willows;  trees  and  plants  of  less  hardy  character  requiring  careful  winter  protection, 
while  potatoes  and  rye  mature  with  difficulty.  At  Davos  Glaris  (4,900  feet),  in  Switzer- 
land, cherry  trees  blossom  but  cannot  ripen  fruit.  In  Colorado,  near  Denver,  (5,196 
feet),  there  are  large  and  very  fruitful  orchards  and  market  gardens;  grapes,  tomatoes  and 
watermelons  are  a  field  crop,  while  in  the  San  Luis  Valley  (7,500  feet)  are  hundreds  of 
thousands  of  acres  of  cultivated  farms  producing  phenomenal  crops  of  wheat,  oats,  barley, 
potatoes,  etc. 


Green  Lake.    (Near  Georgetown.) 


Colorado,  as  compared  with  Davos  Platz,  has  a  higher  average  temperature,  much 
less  rainfall  and  humidity,  and  about  twice  the  hours  of  sunshine. 

In  Colorado,  at  Denver,  in  a  given  period,  one  month  for  instance,  there  will  be 
twenty-eight  good  days ;  at  Davos  only  twenty.  In  Colorado,  during  the  shorter  days  of 
winter,  the  invalid  may  enjoy  eight  hours  of  sunshine;  at  Davos  only  four  and  one-half 
hours. 

In  early  spring,  as  soon  as  the  snow  begins  to  melt,  invalids  are  compelled  to  leave 
Davos,  while  at  Denver  they  may  remain  with  benefit  throughout  the  entire  year. 

Davos,  with  all  its  drawbacks,  is  unquestionably  the  most  desirable  of  the  high  altitude 
resorts  in  Europe,  in  the  judgment  of  the  leading  climatologists,  but  is  much  surpassed  by 
Denver  and  other  places  in  Colorado. 

Davos  Platz  has  not  the  elements  of  a  permanent  cure  which  are,  however,  found  at 
Denver  and  other  Colorado  points. 

Mineral  Springs  and  Resorts. 

The  mineral  springs  of  Colorado,  as  shown  by  a  scientific  comparison  of  the  analyses, 
are  wider  in  range  and  superior  in  curative  properties  than  those  of  Switzerland,  while 
many  of  them  equal  and  others  surpass  some  of  the  most  famous  of  the  mineral  springs 
found  in  France,  Germany  and  Austria,  such  as  are  used,  under  the  highest  medical 
advice,  by  the  autocrats  and  plutocrats  of  Europe. 

For  combination  of  scenic  attractions,  climatic  advantages  and  curative  mineral 
waters  many  of  the  health  resorts  of  Colorado  are  superior  to  Davos,  St.  Moritz,  Ragatz, 
Leuk,  Alveneu,  Pfaffers,  or  any  other  Swiss  health  resort,  and  as  the  special  attractions 
of  Colorado  in  this  respect  become  better  known  and  realized,  the  State  will  increasingly 
be  "The  Playground  of  America." 


Torrey's  Peak.    (Visible  from  Denver.) 


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